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Investigate, act fast against those responsible for mudflows and log slides near Karak town

  • Publication Date | December 28, 2021
  • Document Type | Media Statement
  • Programmes | Climate Change
  • Issues | Adaptation, Conservation, Development, Forest Degazetting, Planning
  • Tags | Bentong, Central Forest Spine, EIA, environmentally sensitive area, Floods, Karak
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A huge pile of timber debris and other rubbish covered the village of Sungai Kerau (locally known as Sungai Sri Telemong) after the flash flood | Photo: Kampung Sri Telemong community members

This is a statement issued by the Global Environment Centre (GEC) with endorsements from local NGOs and communities

Forty-five NGOs (including Sahabat Alam Malaysia) and local communities are calling for the institution of an independent inquiry, and immediate action to identify and penalise parties responsible for the recent massive mudflows and log slides near Karak town in Bentong District in Pahang resulting in massive destruction last week. 

The mudflows and log slides which occurred between Dec 18 and 19, 2021, turned rivers, roads and villages into seas of mud and timber debris, has led to destruction and damage of hundreds of houses in several villages and the loss of almost 10 lives to date. 

The map shows the severely affected locations in the Bentong District during the December 2021 Flood Disaster such as Kampung Sungai Perdak, Kampung Sungai Sri Telemong, Karak Town and Bentong Town | Source: Google Earth

While we acknowledge the swift and immediate action to rescue and help victims of floods, mudflows and log slides over the past week and encourage ongoing action in the future, we, the 45 organisations listed below strongly believe that there is a dire need for a more holistic and cohesive approach towards flood prevention, mitigation and preparedness. 

Though climate change has been identified as one of the contributing factors, other possible factors that warrant thorough and immediate investigation and action include checking on possible weak systemic issues on existing infrastructural and support mechanisms facing the country. These include investigating extensive logging and clearance of forests at steep hills along the main range and completely inadequate erosion and sediment controls in these developments. It also must include looking into the possible lack of flood warning and also monitoring conducted over the time. 

Logs and timber debris from the land clearance activities at the hillsides were washed away and jammed under the bridges, blocking the rivers and forcing the water and mud to overflow into the surrounding areas to cause heavy destruction to Kampung Sungai Perdak | Credit: Kampung Sungai Perdak community members

Bentong District, located on western part of Pahang, bordering Selangor and Negeri Sembilan, comprises of steep forested hills rising to between 1,000 metres and 2,000 metres, is a water catchment of a number of important rivers in Western Pahang including the Telemong, Bentong and Semantan Rivers. These forests are also Environmentally Sensitive Areas (ESAs), important for biodiversity conservation and forming part of the Central Forest Spine (CFS) Conservation Zone. 

In recent years, large-scale logging and forest clearance activities for durian and forest plantations have been taking place in this region, with many cases these developments have been undertaken without Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and little or no environmental mitigation and control measures in place. Clearing has been undertaken 2 on steep slopes without erosion control measures and river buffer zones have been cleared completely and planted. Logging has also been undertaken in ESAs and also within communities, including the Orang Asli settlements. 

Local communities as well as environmental and social NGOs have been highlighting their strong concerns on these activities and the risks they pose to the rivers, water supplies, cultural and environmental features of the area. Since September 2020, several communities and NGOs have been protesting the logging and land clearing near Sg Gapoi and Sg Telemong to the south of Karak and highlighting the risk to water supply, safety and environmentally sensitive areas. 

When the heavy downpour occurred from Dec 17 to 19, there was relatively little intact forest remaining to slow the flow of the water, and instead massive amounts of soil, logs and forest debris were washed rapidly downstream leading to catastrophic impacts in Karak, Bentong and many surrounding villages and residential areas. In many cases, walls of mud, logs and forest debris swept down the valleys and devastated the communities. The muddy water rapidly rose so high that many houses submerged without warning and many were badly damaged as a result of the floating logs and other debris. Logs were also jammed under bridges, blocking the rivers and forcing the water and mud to overflow into the surrounding area causing further damage. 

The debris of timber and logs were seen everywhere in the village with massive logs, 8 m in length and 2 m in diameter, causing severe damages to the houses, cars and electric poles | Credit: Kampung Sungai Perdak community members 

At Kg Sri Telemong, a wall of water, mud and logs smashed over the main road and bridge and swept away a pick-up truck trying to carry 16 people to safety. Although 10 people managed to escape the raging waters with some injuries, five lost their lives and one remains missing. In Bentong, four people were killed when a wave of mud buried a resort in more than three metres of mud. In other villages like Kg Sg Perdak, massive logs eight metres long with a diameter of two metres demolished houses, cars and electric poles like they were toys. In addition to the severe destruction, hundreds or thousands of houses were damaged and locals lost their belongings and necessities such as water, electricity, and so on. One week later, roads and rivers are still blocked, people are still missing and many of those remaining have yet to receive adequate assistance and are still in major distress. 

  • Timber debris in Kg Sg Sri Telemong | Credit: Kampung Sri Telemong community members
  • The logs smashed over the main road and blocked the pathways in the village | Credit: Kampung Sri Telemong community members

The nearby Karak Highway was blocked in three places by floodwater, mud and forest debris, cutting the main east west transportation artery for days. In one location two entire lanes were completely blocked with mud and timbers of more than one-metre high for the length of at least two kilometres. Further downstream, the entire Mentakab town was flooded with more than two metres of muddy water for several days. Overall, these floods and mudflows have cost hundreds of millions of ringgit in economic, social and environmental damage. Post flood and disaster recovery actions may take months and require sizable budget allocations. The impact of this incident is expected to linger for at least 10 years. 

Just across the hills to the west in Selangor State, the rain was just as heavy, and the slopes were just as steep, but there were no reports of mudflows or log debris, since Selangor designated the forests as the Selangor State Park and banned logging 10 years ago. The forests protected the slopes and soil, reduced the runoffs and prevented floods and damage in the East parts of the state although there were serious floods in the lowlands. 

  • Before flood, Sungai Kerau – April 2014 | Credit: Kampung Sri Telemong community members
  • After flood, Sungai Kerau – December 2021 | Credit: Kampung Sri Telemong community members

We strongly believe that the main factors in the catastrophe in Bentong District was the widespread logging and clearing of land in hilly areas in the landscape and lack of proper erosion controls or flood warning measures and lack of monitoring and enforcement; combined with the heavy rainfall. 

With regard to the disaster in Bentong District, we urge for cohesive and coordinated efforts among the Malaysian Federal and State governments to: 

a) Establish an independent inquiry into the massive floods, mudflows and logslides and associated damage to property and loss of lives and livelihood in Bentong District to identify the root causes and recommend immediate and medium term actions to repair the damage and prevent any recurrence; 

b) Impose an immediate moratorium on any further approval for clearance of forests and sloping land in Bentong District as well as halt any ongoing logging or land clearing operations pending the outcome of the proposed inquiry; 

c) Undertake an immediate review of compliance with forestry, environmental and land management regulations by respective land owners and managers in Bentong District and take swift action to bring any party that has beached regulations to justice and provide appropriate compensation to impacted communities; 

d) Allocate budgets or establish a fund to support the post flood recovery plan, which includes rebuilding of the destroyed villages and properties, enhance the community welfare, including their physiology aspect and establishment of community-based rehabilitation of the forests and rivers of the region. We suggest the establishment of official community-based patrol teams as on-the-ground eyes and ears to monitor, report and share information. 

We further call for action at a national level to: 

a) Incorporate the experience and lessons learned into Malaysia’s forest, land and flood mitigation plans as well as the proposed Climate Change Adaptation Plan. 

b) Establish effective forest and river catchment conservation and restoration action plans or policies responses tailored at the Mukim, District and State levels and new methods for monitoring and enforcement of forest and catchment protection. 

c) Start a catchment protection, tree planting and river restoration programme that can contribute to reducing flood risks as part of a wider flood risk management approach, including conventional flood defenses 

d) Develop and implement Integrated River Basin Management (IRBM) for all river basins in the country avoid development in floodplains, lowland areas, river reserves, wetlands and peatland areas to act to retain excess water and reduce floods. This includes taking into account the impact on the community’s livelihood and identifying alternative livelihood options for them. 

e) Develop and establish integrated fast and effective monitoring, and information dissemination system to enhance and alert the public at the earliest possible on any disaster. 

f) Establish more cross-sectoral partnerships for mainstreaming disaster risk reduction into development planning, promoting risk-informed investment, and strengthening urban and rural resilience, as a result of climate-induced disaster in an ever changing environment. 

This statement is endorsed by the following: 

1. Alliance of River Three 

2. Angkatan Belia Islam Malaysia 

3. Belia di Bawah Bayu 

4. Caring Asian Women (CAW) 

5. Centre for independent journalism (CIJ) 

6. Centre for Orang Asli Concerns (COAC) 

7. CERAH – Anti Haze Action 

8. Environmental Protection Society Malaysia (EPSM) 

9. Five Arts Centre 

10. Friends of Bukit Kiara 

11. Friends of Klang River Basin 

12. Gabungan Darurat Iklim Malaysia (GDIMY) 

13. Global Environment Centre 

14. Global Water Partnership 

15. Greenpeace Malaysia 

16. Jaringan Ekologi dan Iklim (JEDI) 

17. Malaysian Nature Society (Pahang branch) 

18. Malaysian Nature Society (Selangor branch) 

19. North South Initiative 

20. Parti Sosialis Malaysia 

21. Pergerakan Tenaga Akademik Malaysia (GERAK) 

22. Persatuan Benih Hijau 

23. Pertubuhan Alam Sekitar Sejahtera Malaysia – GRASS 

24. Persatuan Kesedaran dan Keadilan Iklim Malaysia (Klima Action Malaysia – KAMY) 

25. Persatuan Sahabat Wanita Selangor 

26. Persatuan Tindakan Alam Sekitar Kuala Langat 

27. Pertubuhan Pelindung Khazanah Alam (PEKA) 

28. Pertubuhan Sahabat Gambut Asli Temuan (SGAT) 

29. Pertubuhan Sahabat Hutan Bakau Kampung Dato’ Hormat (SHBKDH) 

30. Pertubuhan Sahabat Hutan Bakau Kuala Gula (SHBKG) 

31. Pertubuhan Sahabat Hutan Bakau Pasir Panjang Laut (SHBPPL) 

32. Pertubuhan Sahabat Hutan Bakau Pulau Tanjung Surat (SHBPTS) 

33. Pertubuhan Sahabat Hutan Gambut Selangor Utara (SHGSU) 

34. Pusat KOMAS 

35. Rimba Disclosure Project 

36. Sahabat Alam Malaysia 

37. Society for Equality, Respect And Trust for All Sabah (SERATA) 

38. Suara Rakyat Malaysia (SUARAM) 

39. Sustainable Development Network Malaysia (SUSDEN Malaysia) 

40. Treat Every Environment Special Sdn Bhd (TrEES) 

41. UndiSabah 

42. Universiti Malaya Students’ Union 

43. Water Watch Penang 

44. Wetlands InternationalMalaysia 

45. WWF-Malaysia 

For more information, please contact Global Environment Centre (GEC): 

Technical matters: 

Dr Kalithasan Kailasam
Email: kalithasan@gec.org.my
Mobile: +6010-366 9772

Mr Nagarajan Rengasamy 
Email: nagarajan@gec.org.my 
Mobile: +6012-296 8438 

Media enquiries: 

Ms Linda Archibald 
Email: linda@gec.org.my 
Mobile: +6012-282 2192 

Ms Ummi Nur Asyiqeen 
Email: ummi@gec.org.my 
Mobile: +6013-509 9510 

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Testimonials

Sahabat Alam Malaysia adalah satu badan bukan kerajaan (NGO) yang telah sekian lama berjuang mempertahan kelestarian alam. Ia juga mendidik masyarakat tentang pentingnya kebersamaan dalam pemikiran dan tindakan agar alam ini dapat kita wariskan kepada generasi hadapan dalam keadaan yang elok dan terpelihara. Dalam pada itu juga SAM giat membantu golongan nelayan pantai dalam memperjuangkan hak-hak mereka sehinggalah tertubuhnya Persatuan Pendidikan dan Kebajikan Nelayan Pantai Malaysia (JARING). Nelayan pantai sepenuh masa ini dididik oleh SAM sehingga mereka mampu memainkan peranan sebagai pemimpin nelayan yang meneruskan kesinambungan memperjuangkan hak-hak nelayan pantai lainnya. Sebagai contoh SAM telah berjaya menyedarkan masyarakat nelayan keperluan menjaga hutan paya bakau untuk kebaikan hasil tangkapan nelayan itu sendiri.
Jamaluddin Mohamad Bualik
Jamaluddin Mohamad BualikPersatuan Pendidikan dan Kebajikan Jaringan Nelayan Pantai Malaysia (JARING)
During the 1980s, I used to read about the Consumers’ Association of Penang (CAP) in the news. After retirement, some time in 2001, while lazing around, I read news about the construction of a carbon in leach plant using sodium cyanide to extract gold in Bukit Koman. My friends and I visited CAP and we were introduced to SAM and her legal team. We discussed the details of filing a case against the gold mining company and the department of environment with Ms Meenakshi Raman and her legal team. That was the beginning of a beautiful friendship between lawyers from SAM and many of us from Bukit Koman. We had many ups and downs in our struggle to shut down the gold mine that was causing a nuisance in our village. But, as a community we never gave up because SAM had our backs.
Hue Fui How
Hue Fui HowSecretary, Bukit Koman Ban Cyanide in Goldmining Action Committee (BCAC)
Sahabat Alam Malaysia adalah sebuah NGO yang memperjuangkan nasib masyarakat luar bandar khasnya. SAM menerima aduan-aduan masyarakat dan menyelesaikan masalah yang dihadapi. SAM telah mewujudkan ramai aktivis-aktivis sosial dan alam sekitar. Pada era 1980 dan 90an SAM sangat dihormati oleh masyarakat dan agensi kerajaan. Apabila media sosial menguasai maklumat maka SAM pun terkesan dan masalah masyarakat terus disalurkan dengan pelbagai cara. SAM perlu mewujudkan aktivis-aktivis pelapis yang muda untuk terus membantu masyarakat. SAM juga perlu membuat perubahan supaya banyak turun kelapangan dan jangan mengharapkan laporan media sahaja. Tingkatkan prestasi sebagaimana pada zaman kegemilangan SAM di era 80-90an.
Che Ani Mt Zain
Che Ani Mt Zain
SAM taught me the importance of social activism and the role it plays in upholding the rights of people and the protection of the environment. In my experience, SAM has never hesitated to speak up in defence of people and their environment, and has gone the extra mile to champion their rights, by helping communities take their battles to the higher ups and even to the courts.
Jessica Binwani
Jessica BinwaniPublic/Private Interest Lawyer
Semenjak kami kenal SAM, banyak pengalaman dan pengetahuan yg kami dapat. Kami telah belajar cara membuat baja asli daripada SAM. Semenjak itu, bermulalah minat kami dalam aktiviti pertanian. Dengan memperolehi kemahiran dalam membuat baja asli dan penanaman lestari, kami juga telah dapat menambahkan pendapatan sampingan kami. Ini lebih baik daripada tanah kami terbiar dan tidak diusahakan. Terima kasih SAM kerana sudi memberi bantuan dan tunjuk ajar kepada Persatuan kami.
Chedo Anak Nyuwen
Chedo Anak NyuwenPersatuan Penduduk Sg Buri, Bakong, Marudi
My journey with SAM started when her community organisers took me to the meet the paddy farmers of Kedah, connecting my growing interest in environmental law with our people who struggle to work the land in the face of pollution, replacement of traditional seeds with commercial hybrids and their accompanying chemical package of fertilisers and weedicides. I then had the honour to work with SAM in the struggle for the rights of the native communities of Sarawak, in defence of their forests from massive logging and destructive mega-projects. In every issue that SAM takes up, she combines rigorous research with the realities and voices of the communities to advocate for policies and laws that care for people and nature. From the courts to the elected legislators to policy makers and implementers and to the United Nations, SAM walks side by side with the communities in Malaysia. How can I not be inspired by the vision and passion of the generations of women and men who coalesce to form SAM?
Chee Yoke Ling
Chee Yoke Lingstudent of SAM, Executive Director of Third World Network, SAM’s sister organisation

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Sahabat Alam Malaysia (Headquarters)
No. 1, Jalan Joki, 11400 Penang,
Malaysia
Tel: +604 827 6930
Fax: +604 827 6932

Sahabat Alam Malaysia (Marudi Office)
129A, First Floor,
Jalan Tuanku Taha,
P.O.Box 216,
98058 Marudi, Baram, Sarawak,
Malaysia
Tel & Fax: +6085 758 973

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